Understanding Official Mail — Bescheid, Deadlines, Objections

Why is Official Mail So Important?

In Germany, you regularly receive official letters from government agencies. These letters often contain deadlines that you must meet — otherwise you face consequences (fines, rejection, loss of appeal rights).

The Most Important Types of Letters

1. Bescheid (Administrative Decision)

A Bescheid is an official decision by a government agency — for example:
- Approval or denial of child benefit
- Residence permit
- Tax assessment
- Citizen's allowance decision

Important: At the end is the Rechtsmittelbelehrung — it explains how and by when you can file an objection.

2. Anhörung (Hearing Notice)

Before an agency makes a negative decision, it must give you the opportunity to submit a statement. Always respond to hearing notices!

3. Reminder / Payment Demand

Outstanding amounts (broadcast license fee, fines, taxes) are collected via reminder. Respond quickly to avoid late payment surcharges.

Deadlines — The Essential Information

The deadline begins the day after delivery (date on letter + 3 days for postal service).

Filing an Objection

If you disagree with a Bescheid:

1. Check the deadline — usually 1 month from delivery
2. File objection in writing (letter, fax, or online portal)
3. Include reasoning (why you disagree, with evidence)
4. Use registered mail (proof of timely delivery)

Costs

• Objection to social benefit decisions: free
• Objection to other decisions: fee may apply (refunded if successful)

Tips

• Open EVERY official letter immediately — ignoring causes problems
• If you have difficulty understanding, seek help (advice center, social worker, hamboorg.city Asystent)
• Keep copies — of every letter and response
• For language barriers: you have the right to translation in important administrative proceedings

As of: March 2026. All information provided without guarantee.